Which statement best describes vesicants?

• A. They produce only mild inflammation and no tissue necrosis.
• B. They can cause blistering, significant pain, and tissue destruction that may lead to necrosis.
• C. They exclusively bind to DNA and never extravasate.
• D. They are harmless if infiltrated into tissue.

Answer: (B)

Vesicants are drugs that have the potential to cause serious tissue injury if they leak out of the vein into surrounding tissue. The defining danger is that they can produce blistering, strong pain, and destruction of tissue that may progress to necrosis if not recognized and treated promptly. This is why extravasation is a major concern with these agents: even a small amount can cause substantial damage, so careful IV placement, close monitoring of the infusion site, and immediate action if extravasation is suspected are essential.