Which infection prevention measure is unlikely to be effective?

• A. Hand Hygiene With Alcohol Sanitizer
• B. Restriction of fresh fruits and vegetables is no longer necessary based on evidence
• C. Influenza Vaccination
• D. Pneumococcal and Meningococcal Vaccination

Answer: (B)

Infection prevention relies on measures that actively interrupt transmission pathways and are supported by solid evidence. Hand hygiene with an effective sanitizer is a cornerstone because it directly reduces the spread of pathogens from hands to surfaces, patients, and staff. Vaccines for influenza, pneumococcus, and meningococcus prevent infections and also reduce transmission risk, making them highly effective parts of prevention programs.

Restricting fresh fruits and vegetables, on the other hand, is not a proven or practical way to prevent infections in most settings. When produce is properly washed, handled, and stored, it does not typically drive healthcare-associated infections to a level that would justify blanket restrictions. Such restrictions can also negatively affect nutrition and patient care. Therefore, this measure is unlikely to be effective as a broad infection prevention strategy, whereas the other options directly reduce transmission or disease burden.